It was edited by Teaching with Historic Places staff. Wright Elementary School" (with photos), and the Multiple Property Submission " Equalization Schools of South Carolina, 1951-1960." This lesson was written by Rebekah Dobrasko, historian with the Texas Department of Transportation, previously a historian at the South Carolina State Historic Preservation Office, and author of. Benson Elementary School" (with photos), " Mary H. This lesson is based on the National Register of Historic Places documentation for " Summerton High School" (with photos), " Florence C. Gona Press, 2002), 3-6.ģ Walter Edgar, South Carolina: A History (Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 1998), 521-523. Elliott: Clarendon County's Quest for Equality (Pine Brook, NJ: O. 22, Clarendon County Board of Education, South Carolina Department of Archives and History, Columbia, SC, 11 November 1949.Ģ J.A. Their history is often forgotten, but they stand as reminders of America's "separate but equal" school systems.ġ Petition of Harry Briggs, et al., to the Board of Trustees for School District No. Today, South Carolina's "equalization schools" are still visible across the state. Supreme Court as one of the five cases decided in Brown v. Through the 1950s, sleek, distinctly modern schools of brick, glass block, and walls of windows dotted the state. Over 700 schools were constructed, improved, or expanded under the program. It was South Carolina's attempt to build a "separate but equal" school system. The money from the three percent tax was dedicated to building and improving schools across the state for both African American and white students, in both rural and urban regions. As a result, South Carolina passed its first statewide sales tax. Elliott forced the state to address the disparities and problems in funding public education. It was illegal for black and white children to attend school together and the state provided little education for African Americans past the tenth grade. 22, 1949 1ĭuring the era of segregation, South Carolina school districts viewed the education of African American students as unimportant. "Immediately cease discriminating against Negro children of public school age in said district and county and immediately make available…educational advantages and facilities equal in all respects to that which is being provided for whites…"Įxcerpt from the Petition of Harry Briggs to the Board of Trustees for School District No. Graphics: Fred Hassell ’11, SCRC Student Assistant.Īn image of the installed exhibit is available at the SCRC's Flickr page.This lesson is part of the National Park Service’s Teaching with Historic Places (TwHP) program. This exhibit is part of "From Fights to Rights: The Long Road to a More Perfect Union," Swem Library's project to commemorate the 150th anniversary of the Civil War and the 50th anniversary of the Civil Rights Movement.Ĭurators: Alan Zoellner, Government Information Librarian and Susan Riggs, Manuscripts and Rare Books Librarian Exhibit design and installation: Chandi Singer, Burger Archives Assistant Priscilla Wood, SCRC Volunteer Staci Chapman ’11, SCRC Student Assistant. Governors were reluctant to implement such a policy, and heels would be dragged and subterfuges used for many years to try to get around full compliance. He said the localities should act to move to compliance, and used the phrase, “with all deliberate speed.”Southern political leaders now had to cope with school integration. Chief Justice Earl Warren wrote the opinion in what became known as Brown v. Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal.” The court held that the plaintiffs were deprived of the equal protection of the laws guaranteed by the Fourteenth Amendment. Ferguson doctrine of “separate but equal” for educational purposes: “We conclude that, in the field of public education, the doctrine of ‘separate but equal’ has no place. Board (1954) The United States Supreme Court overthrew the Plessy v. Board decision as well as letters found in Virginia politician’s papers in the Special Collections Research Center. Ferguson decision, segregated facilities, sub-standard classrooms and a copy of the Brown v. Materials in the exhibit show the racism prevalent in the United States and the legal decisions that began to chip away at the problem. Ferguson (1896), decided by the United States Supreme Court with only one dissenting vote, made “separate but equal” the law of the land. The end of the Civil War brought the passage of the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Amendments to the Constitution.
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